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[iOS][HIG] Interface Essentials (ํ•œ๊ธ€ ver.)

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Interface Essentials


์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌํ•ญ

Most iOS apps are built using components from UIKit, a programming framework that defines common interface elements. This framework lets apps achieve a consistent appearance across the system, while at the same time offering a high level of customization. UIKit elements are flexible and familiar. They’re adaptable, enabling you to design a single app that looks great on any iOS device, and they automatically update when the system introduces appearance changes. The interface elements provided by UIKit fit into three main categories:

๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ iOS ์•ฑ์€ ๊ณตํ†ต ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ์ธ UIKit์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ฑ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ €์ฒด์—์„œ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ปค์Šคํ…€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. UIKit ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์€ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์‘ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  iOS ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์•ฑ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋ฉด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. UIKit์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. Bars
Tell people where they are in your app, provide navigation, and may contain buttons or other elements for initiating actions and communicating information.

๋ฐ”(Bar)๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•ฑ์˜ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ , ๋‚ด๋น„๊ฒŒ์ด์…˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ์™€ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. Views
Contain the primary content people see in your app, such as text, graphics, animations, and interactive elements. Views can enable behaviors such as scrolling, insertion, deletion, and arrangement.

๋ทฐ(View)๋Š” ํ…์ŠคํŠธ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ, ์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ ‰ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•ฑ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์ปจํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ทฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šคํฌ๋กค, ์‚ฝ์ž…, ์‚ญ์ œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์น˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. Controls
Initiate actions and convey information. Buttons, switches, text fields, and progress indicators are examples of controls.

์ปจํŠธ๋กค(Control)์€ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปจํŠธ๋กค์—๋Š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ, ์Šค์œ„์น˜, ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ํ•„๋“œ์™€ progress indicator๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

In addition to defining the interface of iOS, UIKit defines functionality your app can adopt. Through this framework, for example, your app can respond to gestures on the touchscreen and enable features such as drawing, accessibility, and printing.

UIKit๋Š” iOS ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์•ฑ์ด ์ฑ„ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ฑ์€ ํ„ฐ์น˜ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ œ์Šค์ฒ˜์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ, ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  printing๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

iOS tightly integrates with other programming frameworks and technologies too, such as Apple Pay, HealthKit, and ResearchKit, enabling you to design amazingly powerful apps.

iOS๋Š” Apple Pay, HealthKit ๋ฐ ResearchKit์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ๊ฐˆ๋ ฅํ•œ ์•ฑ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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